PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI WAKTU, JARAK, DAN KECEPATAN MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AUDITORY, INTELLECTUALLY, REPETITION (AIR) PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this research is to improve the problem-solving ability on the Time, Distance, and Speed learning material through the application of Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) learning model of the students in Grade V of State Primary School Setono No. 95 of Surakarta in Academic Year 2017/2018. This research used the classroom action research with two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four phases, namely: planning, implementation (action), observation, and reflection. Its subjects were the teacher and the students as many as 36 in Grade V of the school in Academic Year 2017/2018. The data of the research were collected through non-tests (documentation, observation, and in-depth interview) and test of achievement. The data of the research were validated by using the data source and data collection triangulations and content validity. They were then analyzed by using the descriptive comparative analysis, critical analysis, and interactive analysis (Miles & Huberman). The result of the research shows that the application of AIR learning model could improve the problem-solving ability of the students in Grade V of State Primary School Setono No. 95 of Surakarta in Academic Year 2017/2018 as indicated by the improvement of their ability in each cycle. The class average score prior to the treatment was 55.33, and the percentage of classical learning completeness was 19.44% (7 out of 36 students earned the score of ≥ 75). Following the treatments, the class average score became 77.82 in Cycle I and 89.22 in Cycle II respectively, and the percentage of the classical learning completeness became 64.71% (22 out of 34 students earned the score of ≥ 75) in Cycle I and 88.24% (30 out 34 students earned the score of ≥ 75) in Cycle II respectively. However, 11.76% (4 students) still earned the score < 75 due to their constraint in numeracy skill in Mathematics. As a follow up, they were given a more guidance and remedial test by the teacher. Thus, the application of AIR learning model supported by appropriate measures and interesting learning media could improve the problem-solving ability on the Time, Distance, and Speed learning material of the students in Grade V of State Primary School Setono No. 95 of Surakarta in Academic Year 2017/2018.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada materi waktu, jarak, dan kecepatan melalui penerapan Model Pembelajaran Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri Setono No. 95 Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan (tindakan), pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan 36 siswa kelas V SD Negeri Setono No. 95 Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan teknik non tes (dokumentasi, observasi, wawancara) dan tes. Data penelitian divalidasi dengan teknik triangulasi (sumber dan teknik) serta validitas isi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif komparatif, analisis kritis, dan analisis interaktif (Miles & Huberman). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Model Pembelajaran AIR dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri Setono No. 95 Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018 yang dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya kemampuan tersebut tiap siklusnya. Nilai rata-rata kelas 55,33 dan persentase ketuntasan klasikal siswa pratindakan hanya sebesar 19,44% (7 dari 36 siswa memperoleh nilai ≥ 75) dengan. Nilai rata-rata kelas meningkat menjadi 77,82 di Siklus I dan 89,22 di Siklus II. Persentase ketuntasan klasikal meningkat menjadi 64,71% (22 dari 34 siswa memperoleh nilai ≥ 75) di Siklus I dan 88,24% (30 dari 34 siswa memperoleh nilai ≥ 75) di Siklus II. Masih terdapat 11,76% (4 siswa) yang masih memperoleh nilai < 75 dikarenakan keempat siswa tersebut mempunyai kesulitan dalam berhitung pada pembelajaran matematika, kemudian sebagai tindak lanjut keempat siswa tersebut nantinya diberikan remidiasi dan bimbingan lebih dari guru. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan Model Pembelajaran AIR dengan langkah yang tepat dan didukung media pembelajaran menarik dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada materi waktu, jarak, dan kecepatan siswa kelas V SD Negeri Setono No. 95 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2017/2018.

Kata Kunci: kemampuan pemecahan masalah; materi waktu, jarak, dan kecepatan; Model Pembelajaran Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR).