Discourse on Social Change and Gender Equality in Child Rearing

Abstract

Cases of high child criminality in various forms: steriotypes, bullying, harassment, violence, restrictions on expressing opinions, diversification of family models as a form of moral crisis. This research aims to: 1) Analyzing APKM indicators (access, participation, control and benefits of women in childcare in the discourse of social change. 2). Elaborate gender equality in childcare in Japan. Research methodology: Qualitative, empirical, comparative research. A comprehensive literature review consisting of existing studies, reports, empirical evidence related to the collected data was used for analysis. The results showed that: 1). Modernization requires the competition of women and men in all areas of life. The burden of women in the form of obligations, work and household responsibilities has become heavier. The role of women, which is limited to reproductive roles and taking care of the household, makes women synonymous with devotion to husband and children. This condition creates a gender gap that shows significant differences in roles, duties, and responsibilities in household management. 2) The policy is a manifestation of the basic plan for gender equity which focuses on male participation in childcare. Furthermore, the Japanese government also established the Ikumen Project, which is a government strategy in addressing the issue of gender inequality, which is a form of empowerment.

Keywords: Empowerment, Child, Ikumen